Changing the economy to adapt politics and technologies

Throughout history economies have constantly had to adapt to changing preferences, politics and technologies.

 

Such shifts have driven changes in investment in energy, cities, land use and transport.

Public institutions and financial services have had to innovate to adapt.

 

Over the past few decades economies and technologies have changed rapidly and profoundly, and the next few decades will see continuing transformation. Countries now face radical choices that will shape their economies, including their cities, energy systems and land use, in decisive ways for decades to come.

 

This chapter, “Economics of Change”, is about these choices.